问一下关于拿破仑时代军队饮食的信息

高守业

之前有人在拿破仑吧发同样的问题，我和公爵给简单的回复了一下：
我的回复：

当时军队普遍实行征粮制，行军包裹里必带的面包吃完而新的补给还没配发下来的话士兵们只好发挥主观能动性，找到什么吃什么了。
比较有意思的是阿斯佩恩-埃斯灵战役结束当晚，退守洛伯岛的法军有些已经两三天没有吃过饱饭了，于是这些士兵就用骑兵胸甲当锅，倒进死马肉、荨麻与河水煮汤，撒上些带苦咸硝酸钾的黑火药当盐。据吃过这种食物的马塞纳后来回忆，味道不像听起来那么可怕。
而在埃及时期，西瓜是禁止直接食用的，必须被煮熟后才允许吃，因为太多士兵暴食西瓜而导致拉肚子泛滥，不得已才出此下策。

公爵的回复：

饿极了的时候找到什么吃什么，土豆是比较方便充饥的。
要是平常，英军的配给如下：
1磅肉，1磅饼干（也可能改1磅半面包或大米），1品脱葡萄酒（或1/3品脱烈酒）
质量就讲究不得了，半岛战争有一位被法军子弹当胸击中，觉得这下完了。回过神却发现行动自如，怎么呢，子弹叫怀揣的几层饼干挡住了，可见这饼干下咽起来滋味好不了。

英军补给一般能保量，吃饱多不发愁。记得在series看过篇文，半岛战争中法军虽然常饥肠辘辘，闻名天下的法国葡萄酒还是不少。于是有次过圣诞，几个英军士兵一合计，偷跑到法军驻地，以粮换酒。法国兵跟他们达成交易后，拿出好酒宽待，最后几个英军喝得醉醺醺回营，半路撞上了旅长。威灵顿虽主张下了战场，就不把法国人当仇敌看，可这也过分了些，还算好，只是给了轻罚。

现在有人在豆瓣问我这个问题，换了几个关键词在Google都搜索不到，不知有谁能提供关于这个方面的文章、书籍或其它具体信息？

jzha086

太逗了。。有空我也找找。

bsp1900

恩，这个很有趣。英国兵补给没的说，半岛法国猎骑兵开玩笑似的以抓英国兵补充酒类。

iron duke

原始来源是Edward Costello 的回忆。当时回贴记得不很清楚，应该是凑钱找法国哨兵买酒。
After this we had a succession of fights or skirmishes with the enemy for the five or six days following, which is called the battle of Bayonne, but without eliciting any particular result. We still kept up an excellent private feeling on both sides at the outposts. As an an instance, although I must remark a general order had been promulgated prohibiting all intercourse with the enemy on pain of death, our company was on picquet near a dwelling called Garrett's house, when we clubbed half a dollar each, and sent a man into the French picquet-house to purchase brandy. It was, I recollect, Christmas-night.
Grindle, the name of the man who was our messenger, staying longer than was usual, we became alarmed, and imagining something must have happened to him, sent two other men in quest of him. These learnt from the nearest French sentry that Grindle was lying drunk in their picquet-house. Fearful that the circumstances should come to the knowledge of Lieutenant Gardiner, the officer of our picquet, they went and brought Grindle back with them quite drunk; but just as they were emerging from the French lines, who should ride down to the front post but Sir James Kempt, who commanded our division at that time. He instantly ordered Grindle to be confined; he was so fortunate as to escape, however, with only a slight punishment.
‘饼干胸甲’的故事来自Glover的“半岛战争”一书。网上尚未找到。

iron duke

找到篇美国参谋指挥学院的论文：
THE DUKE OF WELLINGTON AND THE SUPPLY SYSTEM DURING THE PENINSULA WAR
http://www.dtic.mil/cgi-bin/GetTRDoc?AD=ADA547395
半岛英军士兵和马匹标准日配给在第30页有一些。

Gustavus

马匹的饲料在16龙骑团的汤姆金森的日记里面看到过一些，他说过青饲料以大麦最佳，小麦其次，黑麦最差

装甲掷弹熊

Elting在他的Amateurs to Arms！里面提到，1811年在里斯本给英军运输粮食的美国商船多到可以在7月4号纪念独立日了【这事情不膈应人么==

knightf6

那个“饼干胸甲”是hardtack么？要抹上融化的黄油或者泡在热汤里才容易啃，不过士兵们也有土办法，把饼干在土里埋一晚上，吸收水汽就软一点了。

高守业

iron duke 发表于 2012-4-20 22:31
找到篇美国参谋指挥学院的论文：
THE DUKE OF WELLINGTON AND THE SUPPLY SYSTEM DURING THE PENINSULA WA ...

多谢公爵了！

高守业

knightf6 发表于 2012-4-21 08:01
那个“饼干胸甲”是hardtack么？要抹上融化的黄油或者泡在热汤里才容易啃，不过士兵们也有土办法，把饼干在 ...

这也太寒碜了...