内线运动战的典范—1794年5月17-18日的图尔库万战役

朔风

另外再补充一下关于图尔奈战役的数据。
罗森堡博士的战列列表中也有这一战，比什格鲁有4.5万人，但是科堡的兵力不是违纪说的2.8万，而是足足6万人。伤亡数字与违纪的基本一致，法军被俘虏数字少了50人而已。

图尔库万一战，联军的第二纵队被早早击退，第一纵队没法渡河，第三，第四纵队被击散，第五与第六纵队伤亡较小。4日之内，第五纵队赶回图尔奈是没什么问题，第六纵队比较勉强，第一纵队则完全不可能到达图尔奈，第三纵队根据资料一般说是最终撤退较有秩序，而第四纵队被击散后彻底失去组织。照这么看，图尔奈一战参战的估计是联军第二纵队，第三纵队，第五纵队，合计加战损应该也就是2万出头（第二纵队原本实力薄弱，在图尔库万伤亡不小，第三纵队承担了图尔库万战役主要伤亡，第五纵队在图尔库万战役中也有一定伤亡，三路纵队满员时合计为3.1万，算上战损应该是2.6-2.7万左右）。另外可以发现图尔库万那一页，违纪将约克公爵单算为一个COMMANDER，而图尔奈那一页中COMMANDER只有科堡亲王，所以我估计第四纵队可能没有参与此战。

图尔库万战役中科堡的出发基地是图尔奈，奥皇也在那里，而约克公爵的出发基地距离图尔奈还有一段距离，是一个叫LAMAIN的地方。

iron duke

1911百科里找到一份图尔奈战役较详细的资料。
http://www.1911encyclopedia.org/French_Revolutionary_Wars
联军兵力这份资料给得不是很细，包括有奥，英，汉诺威部队。估计英军部队第4纵队也参加了。这一战法军作为攻击预设阵地的一方，打得也不差。最后联军仅是险胜，使法军取消了进攻。战斗中法国士兵表现战术水准上，已经赶上了联军。这些原来的菜鸟部队经受住了困难时期的考验，在逐步成为雄视欧洲的劲旅。

Pichegru now returned and took up the supreme command, Souham remaining in charge of his own and Moreau's divisions. On the extreme right, from Pont-a-Tressin, only demonstrations were to be made; the centre, between Baisieux and Estaimbourg, was to be the scene of the holding attack of Bonnaud's command, while Souham, in considerably greater density, delivered the decisive attack on the allied right by St Leger and Warcoing. At Helchin a brigade was to guard the outer flank of the assailants against a movement by the Hanoverians and to keep open communication with Courtrai in case of attack from the direction of Oudenarde. The details of the allied position were insufficiently known owing to the multiplicity of their advanced posts and the intricate and densely cultivated nature of the ground. The battle of Tournai opened in the early morning of the 22nd and was long and desperately contested. The demonstration on the French extreme right was soon recognized by the defenders to be negligible, and the allied left wing thereupon closed on the centre. There Bonnaud attacked with vigour, forcing back the various advanced posts, especially on the left, where he dislodged the Allies from Nechin. The defenders of Templeuve then fell back, and the attacking swarms - a dissolved line of battle - fringed the brook beyond Templeuve, on the other side of which was the Allies' main position, and even for a moment seized Blandain. Meanwhile the French at Nechin, in concert with the main attack, pressed on towards Ramegnies.

Macdonald's and other brigades had forced the Espierre rivulet and driven von dem Bussche's Hanoverians partly over the Scheldt (they had a pontoon bridge), partly southward. The main front of the Allies was defined by the brook that flows between Templeuve and Blandain, then between Ramegnies and Pont-a-Chin and empties into the Scheldt near the last-named hamlet. On this front till close on nightfall a fierce battle raged. Pichegru's main attack was still by his left, and Pont-a-Chin was taken and retaken by French, Austrians, British and Hanoverians in turn. Between Blandain and Pont-a-Chin Bonnaud's troops more than once entered the line of defence. But the attack was definitively broken off at nightfall and the Republicans withdrew slowly towards Lannoy and Leers. They had for the first time in a fiercely contested " soldier's battle " measured their strength, regiment for regiment, against the Allies, and failed, but by so narrow a margin that henceforward the Army of the North realized its own strength and solidity. The Army of the Revolution, already superior in numbers and imbued with the decisioncompelling spirit, had at last achieved self-confidence.

[ 本帖最后由 iron duke 于 2008-3-24 19:08 编辑 ]

朔风

十分感谢，这份资料很详细，看来是比什格鲁指挥的法军与联军的一场硬仗，联军打的也不错，法军不敌之后撤退应该也是较有秩序。英军看来也是参加了此战。博诺看来也是有点水平的指挥官，可惜一直名不经传。

朔风

谢谢，不过不是很爱看喜剧片，呵呵。