请教一下拿破仑时代海军炮威力的问题

carabinier

有岸炮炮台的话，一般舰船会选择小艇载水手和陆战队登陆攻击，而不会与岸上对轰。舰炮对岸即使很重，攻击效率也是低的，一方面是命中率问题，另一方面，即使是24磅乃至更重的炮要想轰塌宫殿类建筑造成大量伤亡，也不是一时半会命中几发几十发就能了事的。如果是攻击当时的城墙那更了不得，在当时的正规围城中，破城炮队需要在几十米以内直射城墙上万发重炮炮弹才能打开破口！当然轰击城市这么大的目标可以用火箭和臼炮，但那是另一回事了，打宫殿这两位的命中率也有点玄。

iampuzzled

貌似法国海军臼炮射程很近。

wenhe1993

回复 32# iampuzzled


    貌似不管哪个国家迫击炮射程都不远（毕竟炮管只有那么长）

carabinier

回复  iampuzzled


    貌似不管哪个国家迫击炮射程都不远（毕竟炮管只有那么长）
wenhe1993 发表于 2010-9-18 10:27

错了，发射爆炸弹的臼炮比大多数直射火炮远一些，主要原因是臼炮和榴弹炮不依靠动能起破坏效果，倾斜弯曲的弹道也有利于射程更远，而且由于它发射的炮弹重量大而速度较低，空气阻力要比高速轻弹小得多。
当然了，加农炮如果抬到臼炮的角度发射，射程可能会比臼炮远，但一来炮架吃不消，二来没有意义，因为加农炮需要动能起破坏效果。
臼炮和榴弹炮有时也会发射一些动能弹，这时候它们的射程就很近了，比如守城用的射石臼炮，向攻城堑壕发射小石弹，射程只有一两百米，榴弹炮发射霰弹时也不如普通的加农炮。
series站上格里博瓦攻城臼炮的射程数据：

soul

顺手转一个关于海军炮发射速率的报告
Real rate of fire info in the Age of Sail is unusual, but in reviewing my notes on the trial of Rear-Admiral Knowles (victor at the Battle of Havana; in this war, the British even court-martialled their winners) I came across the gunner's testimony about his ammunition expenditure, which he reported in terms of projectiles:
32-pounders (LGD, 13/broadside)
179 round shot (13.8/gun)
37 rounds of grape (2.9/gun)
59 rounds of double-headed shot (4.5)
275 total rounds (21.2/gun)
12-pounders (MGD, 13/broadside)
317 round shot (29.4/gun)
144 rounds of grape (11.1/gun)
46 rounds of double-headed shot (3.5/gun)
507 total rounds (39.0/gun)
6-pounders (12/BS on UGD, 2/BS on QD, none on FC)
358 round shot (25.6/gun)
164 rounds of grape (11.7/gun)
522 total rounds (37.3/gun)

Two points of interest here are that (1) this British flagship was obviously using "dismantling shot" and (2) the disparity in rate of fire between the 32-pounders and the lighter pieces.  32-pounders had bigger crews because they were harder to run out, but obviously that did not help on this occasion.  (Knowles reported that he had a full 600-man crew.)

Cornwall also fired 57 ½-pound shot, which must have been from swivels, either in the tops or on the poop deck, 1 cwt., 1 quarter, and 21 lbs. (161 lbs.) of musket shot, and 84 "Cohorn Shells for Muskets."  Cornwall  carried 8 "cohorns," which were 12-pounder mortars designed to fire explosive shells.  One of the Spanish ships caught fire three times in this action, another once, although all the fires were eventually put out.  Cornwall expended only 23 "Cohorn Shells."  I don't know what "Cohorn Shells for Muskets" were.

Source:  Testimony of Rowland Folly, Gunner of the Cornwall, inCharles Fearne, Minutes of the Proceedings at the Trial of Rear-Admiral Knowles . . . For His Conduct and Behaviour in and relating to an Engagement with a Spanish Squadron on the 1st of October, 1748 (London:  [n.publ.], 1750), page 168.

蓝色拿破仑

好资料，从哪里来的？

阁下如有兴趣请到博物馆的《海内外拿破仑网址索引》推荐几个载有海军数据的网站。

mouqing

我这么个帖子居然引出这么多好料来了，只是可怜了我家那丫头，到现在还不知道炮轰冬宫到底成不成呢

蓝色拿破仑

且让她轰了吧。

mouqing

恩，那丫头也是这么说的，反正现在先写着，写到那段的时候再看结论，然后管它成不成都轰了。设定这东西只要自己清楚到底是怎么回事就行，不行也可以进行艺术加工。

蓝色拿破仑

写完了别忘了留个网址，发到文学院，大家一起看看。