【集思广益】学者的失误，拿战著作勘误贴

Gustavus

正好给德怀尔的调色盘补了个拿着Lodi鱼目混珠Arcola/Arcole的新材料，顺手又想到另外不少著作中存在虽然无关学术道德、但同样可能造成误导的失误，由此另开一贴，列出一些著作中可能会导致读者迷惑的误解。

1. Duffy, Austerlitz 1805
熟悉的人都知道Duffy的著作堪称我的近代军事启蒙书，不过启蒙偶尔也会出点偏差

该书第14页误认为1805年的法军每个步兵营有6个连，不用多说，这是知道法军搞过9连改6连，但串了年份，把1808年后的编制移到1805年去了

Abercomby

我也来补充一个

Oman在 A History of the Peninsular War 第一卷P316，把赫罗纳的地图方向弄错了

原文如下：

The town, which is completely commanded by the four forts, has no protection on the south side of the Ona, but a mediaeval wall, destitute of a ditch and not more than twenty feet high. But on the other side of the river, the northern suburb, known as the Mercadal......

注意上文中的 south side 和 northern suburb

在304-305页的加泰罗尼亚地图右下角，还附上了一张赫罗纳的简易地图


实际上 ，这幅地图是左北右南

有意思的是，Oman在第三卷写最后一次围攻赫罗纳的时候，把这个错误更正了过来，参见第三卷插图


注意图中的指向标

拉摩的侄儿

补充一个一位作者将另一位带入坑的：


如果我们根据作者给的出处去查，根本查不到这句话：
http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148 ... mp;rk=407727;2.zoom
实际上，它的真实出处是：
https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=hvd.hnxtil;seq=131

装甲掷弹熊

拉摩的侄儿 发表于 2017-7-26 18:28
补充一个一位作者将另一位带入坑的：

Girod de l'Ain应该是个军事世家（开玩笑，看见有de的就是世家），也是史学世家，写书的委实不少，刚买了本60年代的贝纳多特传，作者也是这家子的……

装甲掷弹熊

Nafziger, The Legion du Nord 1806-1808 Memoire of Major Coqueugniot
这是一本讲述新部队成长的好书，Nafziger先生对拿战后辈也多有提携，经常慷慨赠送大量复印资料，在此必须表示感谢。

不过这本书里也存在一个细节问题：
第22页有一段很精彩的骑兵协助新兵以散兵方式交战的描写：

I
could maneuver my troops by column, or deploy them, because my troop knew nothing
and Roumette was probably the only officer who knew something about maneuvers. I
brought together the officers of the 2nd Battalion to inform that I intended to deploy the
lancers in skirmish order in front of the enemy line, which appeared to be patiently
waiting for us. I directed them to explain to their troops that, when a soldier was going to
fire, he should move forward 20 paces and then to get between two furrows to reload his
musket, fire, and continue to advance in the same manner. After this, upon a musket
shot, which I had indicated as the signal for movement, the companies scattered as they
ran forward. Their fire was heavy and the skirmishers continuously advanced. After a
half-hour I saw, by the clearing of the smoke, that the enemy was maneuvering by
platoon. The cavalry wished to charge, but I opposed it. I advanced the mounted troops,
with four companies of the 3rd Battalion. This movement fired the audacity of the
skirmishers, who threw themselves against the enemy. The enemy withdrew, in disorder,
to return to the village, abandoning its caimons, which the skirmishers captured.

第一句的could显然应该是could not，此外，后面的deploy the
lancers in skirmish order in front of the enemy line与上下文意不和，恰好半旅网站（站长是Oliver Schmidt，同样是一位很优秀的作者）给了一个修改版本，http://demi-brigade.org/tircoqen.htm

I could not maneuver my troops by column, nor deploy them, because my troop knew nothing and [chef de bataillon and commander of the 2nd batallion] Roumette was probably the only officer who knew something about maneuvers. I brought together the officers of the 2nd Battalion to inform that I intended to throw the whole battalion forward in skirmish order towards the front of the enemy line, which appeared to be patiently waiting for us.
I directed them to explain to their troops that, when a soldier was going to fire, he should move forward 20 paces [12,9 m] and then to get between two furrows to reload his musket, fire, and continue to advance in the same manner. After this, upon a musket shot, which I had indicated as the signal for movement, the companies scattered as they ran forward. Their fire was heavy and the skirmishers continuously advanced.
After a half-hour I saw, by the clearing of the smoke, that the enemy was maneuvering by platoon. The cavalry wished to charge, but I opposed it. I advanced the mounted troops, with four companies of the 3rd Battalion. This movement fired the audacity of the skirmishers, who threw themselves against the enemy. The enemy withdrew, in disorder, to return to the village, abandoning its [four] cannons, which the skirmishers captured.

I
brought together the officers of the 2nd Battalion to inform that I intended to deploy the
lancers in skirmish order in front of the enemy line, which appeared to be patiently
waiting for us.
I brought together the officers of the 2nd Battalion to inform that I intended to throw the whole battalion forward in skirmish order towards the front of the enemy line, which appeared to be patiently waiting for us.

差异便在于此，谁正确，看下法文原文即可：

Je fis réunir les officiers du 2e bataillon, pour les prévenir que j'allais lancer tout ce bataillon en tirailleurs, sur le front de la ligne ennemie, qui paraissait nous attendre de pied ferme

Coqueugniot, La Légion du Nord, mémoires de Lazare Claude Coqueugniot, Nouvelle revue rétrospective, no 47, p. 418

法语中的枪骑兵是lancier，lancer这里则是

使向前冲；使起奔，使奔出：lancer son cheval 驱马起奔
lancer des soldats à l'assaut 命令士兵冲锋
lancer le cerf [狩猎]把鹿逐出

显然，Nafziger这里遇到了一个“熟悉的陌生人”，Schmidt的改动则是正确的

朔风

装甲掷弹熊 发表于 2017-7-27 12:25
Nafziger, The Legion du Nord 1806-1808 Memoire of Major Coqueugniot
这是一本讲述新部队成长的好书，N ...

Nafziger先生不懂法文吗？

这个梗有点像是法语的librairie看似与英文library很像，实际上却是完全不同的意思。当然更像的例子还有日语中的“大丈夫”

装甲掷弹熊

朔风 发表于 2017-7-29 03:41
Nafziger先生不懂法文吗？

这个梗有点像是法语的librairie看似与英文library很像，实际上却是完全不同 ...

Nafziger精通法文，而且很可能是军事圈子里翻译法文最多的人，
http://www.nafzigercollection.com/
这上面挂满了他翻自法文旧书的自印图书（老先生早年在法国国图等地复印了很多材料，后来想清理空间就直接在series上发声明送人，我运气好摊上本革命战争时期的法军野战炮兵L'artillerie de campagne française pendant les guerres de la Révolution，作者是芬兰人马蒂·劳埃尔马（Matti Lauerma），也不知道这位芬兰老兄是怎么钻进去的，总之书的内容很不错……）

主要问题估计还是手头活太多一不小心弄错了，包括Imperial Bayonets里面也常有这类问题

拉摩的侄儿

说一个不大但是比较常见的，Count Carl von Alten或者 Graf Karl von Alten。
先上答案，注意最后一句：



然而这个问题不知道让多少人栽到坑里……随便来几个，就不注明具体页码和出版信息了，直接在文档中就能搜到：

John Franklin的系列著作 截图来自他的四臂村


Glover的滑铁卢相关著作 截图来自他的Myth and reality（注意，Glover在同一本书里有时称Baron Alten，有时称Count Alten）



某种意义上Philip haythornthwaite出现在这里可能不奇怪，当然他和Glover一样，同一本书里出现了两个不同的称呼，虽然称一名贵族为sir某某并不一定有错。



老霍表示这种事情怎么能少得了我？你两种，那我三种好了XD 顺便再变更下军衔



Hamilton-Williams表示，虽然学仇家不好，但是无奈大家都这么干……



Adkin表示，别都跑了把我落下了。我也改一下军衔好了。

高守业

说一个一般人还犯不了的错误，能犯的本身就说明他很有水平的错误。

WD和WSD是两部比较常用的文献，前者是The dispatches of Field Marshall the Duke of Wellington的简称，总共12卷，编辑人员是曾经在威灵顿手下任职的John Gurwood，总共12（13）卷；后者是Supplementary despatches and memoranda of Field Marshal Arthur, duke of Wellington的简称，编辑者是威灵顿的儿子，第二代威灵顿公爵，全书总共14（15）卷。

那么我们看一下这个吧：

是不是觉得我很厉害？一眼就看出了这么细微的错误？
其实一点不是，熟悉这两套书的朋友一定很清楚，WD的第十二卷是1814至滑铁卢部分，WSD的第十卷是滑铁卢部分。
因此，Glover这里提到的一份关于1815年的文献是不可能出自WSD的第十二卷的，它只可能来自WD的第十二卷，或者WSD的第十卷，而我们按照页码去两本书里查，果然能在WSD的第十卷P83找到了这则文献。

当然，Glover的这则引述本身也是一个勘误，里士满公爵并不是威灵顿的预备军的指挥官，他也不在当地任职，他只是以威灵顿的朋友以及一个平民的身份在数个重要场合现了身。

装甲掷弹熊

这一回的“受害者”是Terry Crowdy的大作《Napoleon's Infantry Handbook》

他将“两列射击”解释为始终按照一定次序从右往左依次射击


实际看下《1791年条令》即可，第一轮射击过后就是自由处置（方便观众起见，选了德拉克洛瓦的美国译本）：